Web

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The World Wide Web (commonly abbreviated as WWW or Web), is a network of interconnected documents that are connected through links. It could have several subsets depending on your point of view, two of the most common being the Full Web and the Mobile Web.



Enabling Technologies

Web 1.0: Making information accessible online by exposing directories through web servers, linked together via HTML anchor tags and indexable by Search Engines for later manual query-based retrieval.
  1. Web Crawler
  2. Portal
  3. Web Browser
  4. File Format
  5. Files & Folders
  6. iframe (remote content & Object Embeds)
  7. Shell data manipulation language, HTML and XHTML data formats, DBMS storage
  8. Directory portals
  9. Desktop Applications (JAVA, C++ & VisualBasic)
  10. Websites
  11. Web Servers
  12. Full-Text Translation
  13. Homepages, Usenets & HTML Editors
  14. Online Radio & Chat rooms
  15. E-Commerce


Architecture

Full Web .vs. Deep Web

The Full Web is an uncensored version of the World Wide Web which serves as an interconnected web of the cumulative wealth of all digitized human knowledge to date (digitized meaning recorded in a format which can be shared electronically). The size of the known Full Web as estimated by WorldWideWebSize is 19.9 billion pages and documents [1], while Google's index alone claims to reach 17 billion pages and over 20 billion documents.


The Deep Web, on the other hand, describes a subset of the Full Web which includes all types of content which is accessible over the internet. It may include documents and/or content not intended to be accessed, but because of a software program it has been publicly exposed to the internet. It is estimated that counting these such documents, the Full Web becomes exponentially larger, but since much of this content is unintentionally exposed its indexing and searching may be prohibited by law, and even in cases where it is not prohibited it may be morally unethical, or overwhelmingly technically challenging. For this reason, it is said that no one truly knows just how big the web really is.




Link Structure of the Web

A typical, basic web link between two documents is achieved as follows: 

 <a href="URL">Title</a>


For example: 

  <a href="http://www.bcmoney-mobiletv.com">BC$ MobileTV</a>

Apart from the mandatory href attribute (mandatory unless using an in-page hash anchor), there are several optional attributes including:

  • id - unique identifier for the (can be used as an in-page hash/jump-link)
  • name - name of the element (used as hash and identifier for older browsers and HTML specs)
  • class - CSS style rules
  • style - inline styles
  • title - displays additional text description when hovering over link
  • rel - relationship between this document and the linked to document
  • rev - opposite of rel; relationship between the linked to document and this document
  • target - instruct target-supporting browsers where to open a clicked link (i.e. _blank, _top, _self, _parent)
  • tabindex - order in which the keyboard will access the element (pressing Tab as keyboard shortcut to move through page elements)
  • accesskey - shortcut key for mobile devices (must be a number on the keypad 0 through 9, * or #)
  • dir - (i.e. ltr for Left-To-Right or rtl for Right-To-Left as used in Arabic, Hebrew, some Asian languages, etc)
  • lang - language of the text in the link (i18n code)
  • hreflang - language of the linked to document (i18n code)

[2]

An example of their usage is: 

  <a id="link" name="weblink" class="external" href="http://www.bcmoney-mobiletv.com"
     title="Take back control of your Behavior, Content & Money" rel="follow,index" target="_blank">
    BC$ MobileTV
  </a>


Which would appear as follows on a standard web server and web browser: BC$ MobileTV - Take back control of your Behavior, Content & Money



The Future of the Web (by one of the Web's foremost founding fathers, Tim Berners-Lee[3]):



Tools

  • CERN 2019 WorldWideWeb Rebuild: https://worldwideweb.cern.ch/ (2019 rebuilding of the original NeXT web browser, the web "as it was originally" by Tim Berners-Lee)


Resources


Tutorials


External Links


References

  1. ↑ WorldWideWeb Size: http://www.worldwidewebsize.com/
  2. ↑ HTML <a> tag reference: http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_a.asp
  3. ↑ wikipedia:Tim Berners-Lee
  4. ↑ The Business Value of Web Standards: https://web.archive.org/web/20130830195343/http://adaptivepath.com/ideas/e000266

See Also

Web | Web 2.0 | Web 3.0 | Web 4.0 | Semantic Web | Mobile Web | WebApp | Browser | CERN | W3C

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